FORMULA 1 CAR SUSPENSION GEOMETRY
The suspension geometry of a Formula 1 car is a fundamental part of the car's design, influencing stability, handling, traction and speed. In general terms, suspension geometry refers to the dimensions and angles that define the position and movement of the wheels and suspension in relation to the car's chassis.
In a Formula 1 car, the suspension is designed to minimise friction between the tyres and the track, while providing maximum stability and control for the driver. Some of the important measurements and angles in the suspension geometry of a Formula 1 car are:
Camber: refers to the angle at which the wheels tilt inwards or outwards, relative to the vertical. Camber is adjusted to optimise the tyres' contact surface with the track and maximise traction.
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Caster: refers to the angle at which the wheels lean forward or backward, relative to the steering axis. The caster is adjusted to improve the stability of the car at high speeds and to facilitate steering.
Toe angle: is the angle at which, when looking down on the car from a plan view, the wheels point relative to the centreline of the car. Neutral toe means that the wheels are completely parallel to the centreline, toe out means that the front of the wheel points away from the car, while toe in means that the wheel points inwards.
Generally speaking, a race car will run with toe out at the front and toe in at the rear. This means that the front wheels are splayed outwards, whereas the rear will be pointing inwards. Front toe out not only helps to put heat into the tyre as there is a slight scrubbing effect, but can help give more grip and stability when the wheels are turned.
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